Kodi ntchito yaikulu ya choletsa kuphulika ndi chiyani?

Pomanga kubowola mafuta ndi gasi, kuti kubowola bwino mafuta ndi gasi m'zigawo zamphamvu komanso kupewa ngozi zobowola zomwe sizingalamulirike, zida - chipangizo chowongolera chitsime chobowola - chiyenera kuyikidwa pamutu wa chitsime chobowola. Ngati mphamvu ya bowolo ili yocheperako kuposa mphamvu ya kapangidwe kake, mafuta, gasi, ndi madzi omwe ali pansi pa nthaka amalowa m'chitsimecho ndikupanga kusefukira kapena kukankha. Pazochitika zazikulu, ngozi zobowola ndi moto zimatha kuchitika. Ntchito ya chipangizo chowongolera chitsime chobowola ndikutseka mwachangu komanso mwachangu mutu wa chitsimecho pamene kusefukira kapena kukankha kumachitika m'chitsimecho kuti tipewe ngozi zobowola.

Zipangizo zowongolera zitsime zobowola makamaka zimaphatikizapo: choletsa kuphulika, spool, console yowongolera kutali, console yobowola, choke and kill manifold, ndi zina zotero. Chipangizo chowongolera zitsime zobowola chimakwaniritsa zofunikira zaukadaulo wobowola, n'chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo chimatha kutseka ndikutsegula mutu wa chitsime mwachangu. Chikhoza kulamulidwa pa console yobowola ya rig yobowola kapena pa console yakutali yomwe ili kutali ndi mutu wa chitsime. Chipangizocho chiyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu yotsutsa kuthamanga ndipo chingathe kuwononga, kupha ndi kugwa kwa zida zobowola. Pambuyo poyika choletsa kuphulika chozungulira, ntchito zobowola zitha kuchitika popanda kupha chitsime.

Ma BOP obowola nthawi zambiri amatha kugawidwa m'magulu a nkhosa imodzi, nkhosa ziwiri, (annular) ndi ma BOP ozungulira. Malinga ndi zofunikira za kapangidwe kamene kakubowoledwa komanso ukadaulo wobowola, zoletsa zingapo zophulika zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito pamodzi nthawi imodzi. Pali ma BOP obowola omwe alipo 15. Kusankha kukula kumadalira kukula kwa chivundikirocho mu kapangidwe ka kubowola, ndiko kuti, kukula kwa mainchesi a BOP yobowola ndi kwakukulu pang'ono kuposa mainchesi akunja a cholumikizira cha chivundikirocho chomwe chimayendetsedwanso. Kupanikizika kwa choletsa kuphulika kumayambira pa 3.5 mpaka 175 MPa, ndi milingo yonse ya kupsinjika 9. Mfundo yosankha imatsimikiziridwa ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu kwa mutu wa chitsime komwe kumapitilira mukamatseka m'chitsime.