Kafukufuku pa Zida Zobowola Mofulumira

Pakadali pano, zida zobowola zomwe zimawonjezera liwiro la ntchito zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri: mtundu wa makina ndi mtundu wa hydraulic. Zida za makina zimagwiritsa ntchito Weight on Bit (WOB) kuti zipange mphamvu yogwira ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito yophwanya miyala ikhale yolimba, koma pali mavuto monga kugwedezeka kwamphamvu, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, komanso kuwonongeka mosavuta. Zida za hydraulic zimagwiritsa ntchito madzi obowola kuti ziyendetse nyundo zogwira ntchito, kuphatikiza mphamvu, kuzungulira ndi jet kuti zigwetse miyala. Zili ndi ubwino waukulu pakuwonjezera Rate of Penetration (ROP), kuwongolera kupotoka kwa chitsime ndikuwonjezera moyo wa bit, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mavuto monga kuchuluka kwa mphamvu imodzi komanso kuvutika kuzolowera zosowa za mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Ukadaulo woboola zinthu motsatira mphamvu umagawidwa m'magulu atatu malinga ndi momwe ntchito ikuyendera: ukadaulo woboola zinthu motsatira mphamvu, ukadaulo woboola zinthu motsatira mphamvu ndi ukadaulo woboola zinthu motsatira mphamvu motsatira mphamvu. Cholinga chachikulu cha kuboola zinthu motsatira mphamvu kuti muwonjezere liwiro ndikusintha mphamvu ya mpweya kapena madzi kukhala mphamvu ya makina yoboola zinthu motsatira mphamvu motsatira mphamvu yoboola zinthu ...

Ukadaulo woboola zinthu motsatira njira ya Torsional impact ndi ukadaulo watsopano wowonjezera liwiro la kuboola m'zaka zaposachedwa, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuthetsa kugwedezeka kwa "stick-slip" komwe kumapangidwa ndi ma PDC bits. Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito, torsional impactor imayikidwa kumbuyo kwa bit. Kudzera mu kapangidwe kake kamkati, imatha kusintha mphamvu ya hydraulic yamadzimadzi kukhala mphamvu yamakina ya torsional impact. Bit imaswa miyala chifukwa cha mphamvu yokhazikika ya chingwe choboola ndi mphamvu yogwira yomwe imapangidwa ndi impactor.

Zitsanzo zotsatirazi zikubweretsa zida ziwiri zatsopano

1. Chida Chobowolera Liwiro Chokhala ndi Mafupipafupi Osinthika

Chida chobowolera cha hydraulic chomwe chimasinthidwa pafupipafupi, chomwe chimawonjezera liwiro, chili ndi kapangidwe kake ka impact komwe kali ndi ma bearing, thupi la shaft lower, ma piston pairs, impact hammer, throttle nozzle ndi zida zina.

Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito:Imagwiritsa ntchito kusiyana kwa mphamvu ya nthawi ndi nthawi komwe kumapangidwa ndi madzi obowola m'zipinda zapamwamba ndi zapansi pa nyundo yogunda kuti iyendetse nyundo yogunda kuti ibwezeretse liwiro lalikulu, ndikupanga mphamvu yamphamvu ya axial yomwe imatumizidwa mwachindunji ku bit kuti ithandize kuswa miyala. Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti chida ichi chikhoza kusintha kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya mphamvu mwa kusintha kuchuluka kwa mabowo ofanana m'thupi la shaft yapansi, potero kusintha malinga ndi zosowa za kubowola za mapangidwe osiyanasiyana.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Chida Chokulitsa Liwiro Pobowola ndi Mafupipafupi Osinthika

Kuyesa kwa Munda mu Kupanga Kwapakati-Kolimba: Kutengera kuchuluka kwa mphamvu (16 Hz) komwe kwasankhidwa ndi kuyerekezera kwa manambala, chida ichi chinayesedwa mu Well X1 ya Xinjiang Oilfield. Mu gawo la mapangidwe okhala ndi mphamvu yolimba komanso Rate of Penetration (ROP) yotsika, kuyerekeza ndi chitsime chapafupi pogwiritsa ntchito chida chobowolera zomangira kukuwonetsa kuti mutagwiritsa ntchito chida ichi, njira yoyendetsera kamodzi idakwera ndi 53%, ROP yamakina idakwera ndi 27.0%, zomwe zidachepetsa bwino kuchuluka kwa maulendo ndikusunga nthawi yomanga.

Mayeso a Munda mu Kapangidwe Kolimba: Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu (18 Hz) komwe kwasankhidwa ndi kuyerekezera kwa manambala, chida ichi chinayesedwa mu mapangidwe a Carboniferous Andesite ndi Basalt omwe anali ndi vuto lobowola bwino mu Well X3 ya Xinjiang Oilfield.

Pomaliza: Zotsatira zake zikusonyeza kuti mutagwiritsa ntchito chida ichi, ROP yamakina imawonjezeka kwambiri ndi 103.2% poyerekeza ndi zitsime zapafupi, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti imatha kusintha kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a kubowola ndikufupikitsa nthawi yobowola m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

2. Kapangidwe ka Chida Chobowolera Chophatikizana Chowonjezera Liwiro

Njira yolumikizira ma hydraulic torsional impact imapangidwa, yomwe pakati pake pali magawo atatu: njira yogawa ma flow, njira yosinthira ma back, ndi njira yolumikizira ma impact.

Njira Yoyendera: Poyamba (tanthauzo a), madzi othamanga kwambiri amalowa m'chimbudzi chakumanzere kwa nyundo ya hydraulic kudzera mu njira yoyenda ya kumanzere ya valavu yobwerera m'mbuyo, kukankhira nyundo ya hydraulic ndi valavu kuti zizungulire pamodzi mpaka nyundo ya hydraulic ikagunda mpando wa nyundo ya hydraulic (tanthauzo b). Pambuyo pa kukankhidwa, madzi othamanga kwambiri amalowa m'chimbudzi chakumanja chopangidwa ndi nyundo ya hydraulic ndi valavu kudzera mu njira yoyenda ya kumanja, kukankhira valavu kuti ipitirize kuzungulira mozungulira kupita kumalo obwerera m'mbuyo (tanthauzo c), kotero kuti madzi othamanga kwambiri amasinthira ku njira yoyenda ya kumanja ndikulowa m'chimbudzi chakumanja cha nyundo ya hydraulic, kuyendetsa nyundo ya hydraulic ndi valavu kuti zizungulire mozungulira (tanthauzo c). Mpaka nyundo ya hydraulic ikagundanso mpando wa nyundo ya hydraulic (tanthauzo d), madzi othamanga kwambiri amalowa m'chimbudzi chakumanzere kudzera mu njira yoyenda ya kumanzere, kukankhira valavu kuti izungulire mozungulira mozungulira kuti ibwerere m'mbuyo ndikubwerera ku mkhalidwe woyambirira (tanthauzo a). Izi zimazungulira, kupanga mphamvu yozungulira yozungulira yozungulira yozungulira kudzera mukubwerera mmbuyo kosalekeza ndi mphamvu yoyendetsedwa ndi madzi.

Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito:Madzi (matope) akalowa m'chikwama chogawa madzi kudzera pa cholumikizira chapamwamba ndi chitoliro chotsogolera, amagawidwa ku makina obwezera ndi makina ogundana, ndipo njira ziwiri zamadzi zimalekanitsidwa ndi mbale yogawa madzi. Pambuyo pake, madziwo amadutsa mu nozzle mkati mwa mandrel, ndikupanga madera okwera ndi otsika asanafike komanso pambuyo pake. Chigawo cha valve yobwezera chimazungulira pansi pa mphamvu ya kusiyana kwa kuthamanga, kulamulira mabowo akumanzere ndi akumanja a nyundo ya hydraulic kuti alumikizane mosinthana ndi madera okwera ndi otsika a kuthamanga, zomwe zimapangitsa nyundo ya hydraulic kubwezerana kuti ikhudze mpando wa nyundo ya hydraulic pansi pa mphamvu ya kusiyana kwa kuthamanga, motero kupanga mphamvu ya torsional yobwerezabwereza.

Chipinda Chapamwamba Chimodzi; Chikwama Chakunja Chachiwiri; Chitoliro Chotsogolera Chachitatu; Chikwama Chogawa Mafunde Chachinayi; Mbale Yogawa Mafunde Yachisanu; Bolt Yachisanu ndi Chimodzi; Mphete Yothandizira Yachisanu ndi Chimodzi; Mpando wa Hammer Wachisanu ndi Chimodzi; Hammer Yachisanu ndi Chimodzi; Choyambira cha Valve Yotembenuza 10; Mphete Yothandizira Yachisanu ndi Chimodzi; Ma Mandrel Awiri; Chipinda Chachitatu Chachitatu;

Chithunzi Chojambula cha Kapangidwe ka Mchitidwe wa Torsional Impact

Njira Yoyendera ya Torsional Impact Mechanism

Mtundu wa njira yolumikizirana ndi axial wapangidwa. Ma hydraulic axial impactors amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: mtundu wa valve ndi mtundu wopanda valve. Kapangidwe ka mkati mwa ma valve-type impactors ndi kovuta ndipo kudalirika kwawo ndi kochepa; mtundu wopanda valve makamaka umaphatikizapo mtundu wa jet ndi mtundu wa jet-suction, womwe mtundu wa jet umakhala ndi moyo waufupi wautumiki. Jet-suction hydraulic impactor ili ndi kapangidwe kosavuta, imazindikira kukhudzidwa kutengera kulowetsedwa kwa jet ndi mphamvu ya madzi, ili ndi magawo ochepa osuntha mkati ndipo ilibe magawo ofooka, ndipo imatha kusintha bwino momwe zinthu zilili zovuta.

Mpando wa Nozzle Wapamwamba 1; Nozzle Wapamwamba 2; Vavu Wapamwamba 3; Manja a Vavu Wapamwamba 4; Manja achiwiri 5; Chikwama chakunja cha Axial 6; Manja othandizira 7; Hammer ya Impact 8; Mutu wa Hammer 9; Mpando wa Hammer 10; Chipewa Choteteza 11; Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito ya Hexagonal Joint ya Axial Impact Mechanism 12.

Kupangidwa kwa Kuyenda Koyamba ndi Kusiyana kwa Kupanikizika: Madzi othamanga kwambiri amapanga ndege yothamanga kwambiri kudzera mu nozzle yapamwamba. Pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yolumikizirana ya jet ndi throttling, kusiyana kwa kuthamanga kumapangidwa m'zipinda zapamwamba ndi zapansi za valavu yapamwamba, komanso pakati pa chipinda chakunja chapamwamba cha nyundo yothamanga ndi kumapeto kwa mutu wa nyundo.

Kusuntha kwa Zigawo Mmwamba ndi Kutseka kwa Mafunde: Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa mphamvu zawo, valavu yapamwamba imapita mmwamba, ndipo zigawo zolumikizira (nozzle yachiwiri, nyundo yolumikizira, ndi mutu wa nyundo) zimapitanso mmwamba mpaka nozzle yachiwiri ikhudza valavu yapamwamba ndikutseka njira yolumikizira.

Kupanga Nyundo Yamadzi ndi Kuyenda Pansi kwa Ma Joint: Kutseka kwa njira yoyendera madzi nthawi yomweyo kumayambitsa kugwedezeka kwa nyundo yamadzi, ndipo kuthamanga kwa mpweya m'chipinda kumakwera kwambiri, zomwe zimakankhira valavu yakumwamba ndi zigawo zogundana kuti zisunthire pansi pamodzi.

Kubwezeretsa Mphamvu Yopanda Mphamvu ndi Kubwezeretsa Mphamvu Yoyenda: Pambuyo poti valavu yapamwamba yasuntha kupita kumalo otsika, zigawo za mphamvu zimapitiriza kuyenda pansi pansi pa mphamvu yoyenda, ndipo pamapeto pake zimagunda mpando wa nyundo kuti amalize mphamvu yoyenda. Pambuyo poti mphamvuyo yagunda, njira yoyenda imabwerera ku malo osalala, ndipo makinawo amayambiranso kugwira ntchito chifukwa cha Weight on Bit (WOB), kuyambira kuzungulira kotsatira.

Lumikizanani nafe:Jessie Zhou

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