Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito kutsuka mchenga pachitsime cha mafuta ndi njira zogwirira ntchito

Chidule cha mchenga wobowola

Kutsuka mchenga ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito madzi othamanga kwambiri kuti afalitse mchenga pansi pa chitsime, ndikugwiritsa ntchito madzi ozungulira kuti abweretse mchenga womwazika pamwamba.

1. Zofunikira pa kutsuka mchenga

(1) Ili ndi kukhuthala kwina kuti itsimikizire kuti inyamula katundu bwino.

(2) Ili ndi kachulukidwe kake koletsa kuphulika ndi kutuluka kwa madzi.

(3) Kugwirizana bwino, palibe kuwonongeka kwa thanki.

2. Njira yobowola mchenga

(1) Kutsuka kwa kutsogolo: madzi otsukira mchenga amatsikira pansi pa chitsime motsatira chingwe cha chitoliro ndikubwerera pamwamba kuchokera pamalo ozungulira.

(2) Kubwerera m'mbuyo: zosiyana ndi kubwerera m'mbuyo kwabwino.

(3) Kutsuka mchenga mozungulira: Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu poyendetsa chida chozungulira, pomwe njira yopopera yonyamula mchenga, kukonzanso mchenga imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

3. Ndondomeko yotsuka mchenga

Zomwe zili ndi zofunikira pa ndondomeko yotsuka mchenga:

(1) Dongosolo la nthaka la chitsime chotsukira mchenga liyenera kupereka zambiri zolondola za malo osungira mafuta, katundu weniweni wa malo osungiramo mafuta, momwe ntchito yopangira mafuta imagwirira ntchito komanso kapangidwe kake ka kuya kwa chitsimecho.

(2) Dongosololi liyenera kusonyeza kuya kwa pansi pa chitsime chopangidwa, pamwamba pa simenti kapena chida chotulutsira madzi, ndi malo a pamwamba pa mchenga ndi momwe zinthu zikugwera m'chitsimemo.

(3) Ndondomekoyi iyenera kupereka mipata ya zitsime zobowoka, makamaka mipata ya zitsime zopanikizika kwambiri, mipata ya zitsime zotayika komanso mipata ya kupanikizika.

(4) Pamene dongosolo likufuna kuti gawo la mzati wa mchenga lisungidwe, kuya kwa mchenga wobowola kuyenera kusonyezedwa.

(5) Kuti mchenga usambidwe bwino pa chitsime chowongolera mchenga chomwe chili mu chitoliro, chithunzi cha kapangidwe ka mzati wa chitoliro chowongolera mchenga chiyenera kulembedwa.

(6) Iyenera kufotokozedwa mu dongosolo loletsa kufalikira kwa dongo, kutsekeka kwa mipira ya sera (zindikirani: pakadali pano, kugwiritsa ntchito mpira wa sera njira iyi yaletsedwa m'minda ina yamafuta, ndipo iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito malinga ndi zofunikira za munda wamafuta) kutsekeka kwa plug, kutsuka mchenga wosakaniza ndi mpweya, ndi zina zotero.

Masitepe ogwirira ntchito

(1) Kukonzekera

Yang'anani pampu ndi thanki yosungiramo madzi, lumikizani chingwe cha pansi, ndipo konzani madzi okwanira otsukira mchenga.

(2) Kuzindikira mchenga

Chida chotsukira mchenga chikakhala pamtunda wa mamita 20 kuchokera pa mafuta, liwiro lotsika liyenera kuchepetsedwa. Pamene kulemera koyimitsidwako kwatsika, zimasonyeza kuti pamwamba pa mchenga pakumana.

(3) Kutsuka mchenga

Tsegulani kayendedwe ka pampu pamwamba pa 3m kuchokera pamwamba pa mchenga, ndikuchepetsani chingwe cha chitoliro kupita ku mchenga kuti chizitsuka bwino pambuyo pa ntchito yanthawi zonse. Kuchuluka kwa mchenga wotumizidwa kunja ndi kochepera 0.1%, komwe kumaonedwa ngati kutsuka mchenga koyenera.

(4) Yang'anani pamwamba pa mchenga

Kwezani chingwe cha chitoliro pamwamba pa mafuta opitilira 30m, siyani kupopa kwa maola 4, tsitsani chingwe cha chitoliro kuti mufufuze pamwamba pa mchenga, ndikuwona ngati mchenga wapangidwa.

(5) Lembani magawo oyenera: magawo a pampu, magawo a pamwamba pa mchenga, magawo obwezera.

(6) Mchenga wokwiriridwa.