Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito mafuta opangira mchenga ndi njira zogwirira ntchito

Chidule cha mchenga wokhomerera

Kuthamanga kwa mchenga ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito madzi othamanga kwambiri kuti amwaze mchenga pansi pa chitsime, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ozungulira kuti abweretse mchenga wobalalika pamwamba.

1.Zofunikira pamadzi ochapira mchenga

(1) Ili ndi mamasukidwe enaake kuti atsimikizire kunyamula bwino.

(2) Imakhala ndi kachulukidwe kena koletsa kuphulika ndi kutayikira.

(3) Kugwirizana kwabwino, palibe kuwonongeka kwa posungira.

2. Njira yokhomerera mchenga

(1) Kukankhira kutsogolo: madzi otuluka m’mchenga amatsikira pansi pa chitsime motsatira chingwe cha chitolirocho ndipo amabwerera kumtunda kuchokera pamalo apakati.

(2) Kubwebweta: kusiyana ndi kubwebweta.

(3) Kuthamanga kwa mchenga wozungulira: Kugwiritsa ntchito gwero lamagetsi kuyendetsa chipangizo chozungulira, pamene pampu yonyamula mchenga, kukonzanso mchenga kumagwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi.

3. Ndondomeko yotsuka mchenga

Zomwe zili ndi zofunikira pakutsuka mchenga:

(1) Dongosolo la geological la chitsime chotsuka mchenga liyenera kupereka chidziwitso cholondola cha nkhokwe yamafuta, malo enieni a nkhokwe yopangira, momwe kapangidwe kachitsime ndi kuya kwake.

(2) Ndondomekoyi iyenera kusonyeza kuya kwa chitsime chopanga pansi, pamwamba pa simenti kapena chida chomasula, ndi malo a mchenga ndi momwe zinthu zikugwera pachitsime.

(3) Dongosololi liyenera kukhala ndi magawo opindika bwino, makamaka machulukidwe othamanga kwambiri, kutayika kwachitsime komanso kuchuluka kwamphamvu.

(4) Pamene ndondomeko ikufuna kusungidwa kwa gawo la mchenga, kuya kwa mchenga wokhomerera kuyenera kuwonetsedwa.

(5) Pakutsuka mchenga wowongolera mchenga mu chitoliro, chojambula chamchenga chowongolera chitoliro chiyenera kulembedwa.

(6) Ziyenera kusonyezedwa mu dongosolo kuteteza dongo kukula, sera plugging perforation (chidziwitso: pakali pano, kugwiritsa ntchito sera sera ndondomekoyi yaletsedwa m'minda yamafuta, ndipo iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi zofunikira. of the oil field) plugging perforation, kusakaniza kwa gasi mchenga, etc.

Njira zogwirira ntchito

(1) Kukonzekera

Yang'anani mpope ndi thanki yosungiramo madzi, gwirizanitsani mzere wapansi, ndi kukonzekera madzi okwanira ochapira mchenga.

(2) Kuzindikira mchenga

Chida chotsuka mchenga chili 20m kuchokera pagawo la mafuta, liwiro lotsitsa liyenera kuchepetsedwa.Pamene kulemera kwaimitsidwa kumatsika, kumasonyeza kuti mchenga wamtunda ukukumana.

(3) Kutsuka mchenga

Tsegulani pampu yozungulira pamwamba pa 3m kuchokera pamchenga, ndi chingwe chotsitsa chitoliro kupita ku mchenga wothamangitsidwa kuti mupangike mwakuya mukatha kugwira ntchito bwino.Mchenga wotumizidwa kunja ndi wochepera 0.1%, womwe umatengedwa ngati woyenerera kutsuka mchenga.

(4) Yang’anirani mchengawo

Kwezani chingwe cha chitoliro pamwamba pa mafuta osanjikiza kuposa 30m, siyani kupopa kwa 4h, tsitsani chingwe cha chitoliro kuti mufufuze pamwamba pa mchenga, ndikuwona ngati mchenga wapangidwa.

(5) Lembani magawo oyenera: magawo a mpope, magawo a mchenga, magawo obwerera.

(6) Mchenga wokwirira.