Kodi Mungasankhire Bwanji Zipangizo Zogwiritsira Ntchito Pansi?

Kusankha zipangizo zogwiritsira ntchito pobowola pansi kumakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zingapo. Kuchokera pa mitundu ya zida zobowola pansi:

Zida zobowolera, zida zolembera, ndizida zogwirira ntchito: Zipangizozi zimakhala ndi nthawi yochepa yogwira ntchito, kotero zimafuna mphamvu zambiri koma sizimafunikira dzimbiri.

Zida zomalizitsa: Ziyenera kugwira ntchito pansi pa dzenje kwa zaka zingapo, kotero kutentha kwa pansi pa dzenje ndi kukana dzimbiri ziyenera kuganiziridwa.

Kuchokera ku malingaliro a malo okhala pansi pa nthaka, nthawi zambiri amagawidwa m'magulu anayi:

Malo okhazikika (opanda hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), okhala ndi carbon dioxide (CO₂) yochepera 1 psi [pafupifupi 0.0069 MPa]); Malo ozungulira dzimbiri a H₂S; Malo ozungulira dzimbiri a CO₂; Malo ozungulira dzimbiri a H₂S ndi CO₂.

Kusankha Zinthu Zogwiritsira Ntchito Zida Zotsika Pansi M'malo Okhazikika

Pa zida zolowera pansi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo okhazikika, zitsulo za alloy monga 4130, 4140, ndi 4145 (magiredi a AISI) nthawi zambiri zimasankhidwa. Kapangidwe ka mankhwala ndi mphamvu zamakaniko a zipangizozi zikuwonetsedwa m'matebulo otsatirawa:

1. Kuyerekeza kwa Mapangidwe a Mankhwala (Chigawo Chachikulu)

2. Kuyerekeza Mphamvu za Makina

Monga momwe zikuonekera kuchokera pa matebulo:

Kaboni wochuluka m'zinthu izi umawonjezeka motsatizana (4130 < 4140 < 4145), pomwe zomwe zili m'zinthu zina ndizofanana.

Kapangidwe ka makina: Mphamvu imagwirizana bwino ndi kuchuluka kwa kaboni—4145 ili ndi mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri—pomwe kulimba kumachepa motsutsana, pomwe 4130 ili ndi kulimba kwakukulu.

4130, 4140, ndi 4145 ndi magiredi apadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo zofanana nazo ku China ndi izi:

• 4130 (AISI) ≡ Gulu lapakhomo 30CrMoA;
• 4140 (AISI) ≡ Gulu lapakhomo 42CrMo;
• 4145H (AISI) ≡ Gulu lapakhomo 45CrMo.

4130 ndi 4140 ndi oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zachikhalidwe zomalizitsa, makamaka pakugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndalama komanso kusinthasintha.

4145H nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zida zozama, zopanikizika kwambiri, kapena zonyamula katundu wambiri (monga zida zobowola ndi zida zogwirira ntchito), makamaka mphamvu ndi kukana kuwonongeka.

Kusankha Zinthu Zofunikira pa Zida Zomalizidwa M'malo Owononga

Pa zida zomalizitsa m'malo owononga, kusankha kumadalira makamaka kupanikizika pang'ono kwa mpweya wa asidi (wogawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: CO₂ ndi H₂S).

1. Zitsime zokhala ndi CO₂ yambiri

Kuti CO₂ isawonongeke, kuchuluka kwa chromium (Cr) m'zinthu kuyenera kuwonjezeredwa. Zinthu zotsatirazi (zosankhidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa Cr) zimatha kuphimba zitsime ndi kupanikizika pang'ono kwa CO₂ kuyambira 0.5 MPa mpaka 14 MPa.：3Cr (Kuchuluka kwa Cr ≈ 3%), 9Cr1Mo (Kuchuluka kwa Cr ≈ 9%), 13Cr, S13Cr, 17Cr (kalasi S17400), 22Cr (monga, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha duplex S32205), ndi chitsulo cha 25Cr.

2. Zitsime zokhala ndi H₂S yambiri

Kuti muchepetse dzimbiri la sulfide stress cracking (SSC), kuchuluka kwa nickel (Ni) muzinthu kuyenera kuwonjezeka. Ngati kupanikizika pang'ono kwa H₂S kuli kokwera kuposa 1 MPa ndipo kupanikizika pang'ono kwa CO₂ nako kuli kokwera, ma alloy otentha kwambiri monga awa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito:

Kusankha Zinthu Zapadera pa Zigawo Zapadera

Zipangizo zazikulu zogwiritsira ntchito pobowola pansi (zokhudzana ndi madzi ndi katundu wonyamula chitsime): Zosankhidwa motsatira miyezo yomwe ili pamwambapa.

Zopangira zometa: Kawirikawiri zimapangidwa ndi mkuwa wa H62 kapena zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za S36600.

Zigawo zomangira: Zosankhidwa kuchokera ku 20CrMoTi kapena 20CrMnTi. Kuti pakhale kuuma pamwamba, chithandizo cha carburing pamwamba (chokhala ndi makulidwe a 0.8-1.2 mm) chikufunika, zomwe zimawonjezera kuuma pamwamba kufika pa HRC 58-62.

Zinthu Zina Zomwe Zimakhudza Kusankha Zinthu ndi Miyezo Yofotokozera

Kuwonjezera pa mpweya wa asidi, kusankha zinthu zosungiramo mafuta m'mabowo ndi zida zosungiramo mafuta kumakhudzananso ndi kutentha kwa mabowo, kudula kwa madzi, kuchuluka kwa mchere, ndi pH. Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza kusankha, onani muyezo wa Q/HS 14015 Design Guidelines for Corrosion Prevention of Tubing and Casing mu Offshore Oil and Gas Wells.

Landrill imaperekanso mipiringidzo yachitsulo ya 41430、4140、4145.

Khalani omasuka kufunsa.https://www.landrilloiltools.com/