Zida Zisanu Zodziwika Bwino za Wellhead

Ma Elevator Links (Ma Bails)

Kapangidwe ndi Mfundo

Chingwe cha elevator ndi chida chapadera chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popachika ma elevator poyendetsa ndi kukoka zingwe za mapaipi panthawi yobowola ndi ntchito zina. Chimafuna mphamvu zambiri zonyamula katundu, kukana kugunda, kulemera kopepuka, chitetezo ndi kudalirika. Diso lapamwamba la chingwe cha elevator limapachikidwa pa zingwe zothandizira mbali zonse ziwiri za mbedza, ndipo gawo la pansi limalumikizidwa ndi makutu a elevator. Zigawo zolumikizira pakati pa chingwe cha elevator, elevator ndi mbedza zimagwirizana ndi zomwe SY/T 5288-2000 ikunena.

Maulalo a elevator amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: ya mwendo umodzi ndi ya mwendo umodzi. Maulalo a elevator a miyendo iwiri nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zitsime zosaya kwambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu yosapitirira 1350 kN. Mitundu iwiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zida zobowola ndi maulalo a elevator a DH1350 ndi SH1350.

Chingwe chokwezera cha mwendo umodzi chimapangidwa ndi chitsulo champhamvu kwambiri, pomwe chingwe chokwezera cha mwendo umodzi chimapangidwa ndi kulumikizidwa ndi chitsulo chapamwamba kwambiri. Mitundu yonse iwiri imakonzedwa mosamala ndi kutenthedwa ndipo pamwamba pake pamalizidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yolimba komanso yolimba.

Zikepe

Chikepe ndi chida chogwiritsira ntchito popachika chitoliro mwachindunji panthawi yobowola ndi ntchito zina. Chimalumikizidwa ndi ulalo wa chikepe pamwambapa, ndipo kukula kosiyanasiyana kwa mabowo kumapachika zingwe zosiyanasiyana za chitoliro.

- Malinga ndi chingwe cha chitoliro chomwe chapachikidwa, ma elevator amagawidwa m'magulu awa: ma elevator a mapaipi obowolera, ma elevator oikamo zinthu ndi ma elevator a mapaipi.

- Malinga ndi kapangidwe kake, ma elevator amagawidwa m'magulu awiri: mtundu wa zitseko ziwiri zam'mbali, mtundu wopindika ndi mtundu wa mphete yotchinga. Mtundu wa mphete yotchinga ndi wocheperako.

Chikepe cha mtundu wa CSD chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo obowolera zinthu m'nyumba. Chimapangidwa makamaka ndi thupi, chitseko, pini ya cotter, chogwirira cha pini yotsekera, skurufu yolumikizira, mapini otsekera apamwamba ndi apansi, ndi zina zotero. Mapewa ake okhala ndi phewa lathyathyathya ndi phewa locheperapo la 18°.

1. Chikepe cha pakhomo la m'mbali

Chikepe cha mbali ya CD chokhala ndi chitseko chimakhala ndi ziwalo monga thupi ndi chitseko. Chitsekocho chimalumikizidwa ndi thupi kudzera mu pin shaft kuti chitsegule ndikutseka chibowo cha elevator. Chitseko chikatsekedwa, chimatsekedwa chokha ndi thupilo ndi ma lock pini apamwamba ndi apansi. Kuti mutsegule, dinani chogwirira cha lock pini ndikukoka kunja ndi mphamvu pang'ono. Mbali yakumtunda ya thupilo ili ndi block yotseka kawiri. Ikayikidwa pamwamba, chingwe cha chitoliro chimakanikiza block yotseka, ndipo chitseko sichingatsegulidwe kapena kutsekedwa. Chitsekocho chimatseguka ndikutseka momasuka pokhapokha ngati palibe katundu pamwamba pa thupilo ndipo block yotseka imatha kusuntha mmwamba ndi pansi. Block yotseka imapereka ntchito yoteteza chitetezo.

Chikepe chilichonse chimakhala ndi mapini awiri otetezera. Pambuyo poti ma linki a elevator alowetsedwa m'mabowo a makutu mbali zonse ziwiri za thupi, ma pini otetezera amalowetsedwa kuti aletse ma linkiwo kutuluka, kuonetsetsa kuti ali otetezeka panthawi yoyendetsa mapaipi ndi kukoka.

2. Chikepe cholumikizidwa ndi ma hinged

Poyerekeza ndi elevator ya chitseko cham'mbali, elevator yolumikizidwa ndi hinge ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Imakhala ndi theka la thupi lakumanzere, theka la thupi lakumanja, pini yotsekera, chogwirira chotetezera, pini yotsekera, kasupe, ndi zina zotero. Manja amakona anayi omwe ali mbali zakunja za theka la thupi lakumanzere ndi lakumanja amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza maulalo a elevator. Pini yotsekera imatseka magawo akumanzere ndi akumanja pamodzi. Chogwirira chotetezera chimatsimikizira kuti pini yotsekera sitseguka mukagwa.

3. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma elevator

(1) Musanagwiritse ntchito, sungani pamalo ouma komanso opumira bwino kuti mupewe dzimbiri ndi kuwonongeka.

(2) Mukamaliza kugwiritsa ntchito, chotsani mafuta, matope ndi dothi mu elevator, yang'anani ngati zawonongeka, ikani mafuta pafupipafupi ku mphete yamkati ndi kumapeto kwa elevator ndikuyika mafuta oletsa dzimbiri, sungani m'nyumba pamalo opumira mpweya komanso ouma. Musagwiritse ntchito zotsukira zowononga.

4. Malangizo Opewera

(2) Kutentha kwa ntchito sikuyenera kupitirira -40°C.

(3) Musagwetse kapena kukhudza chikepicho kuti chisinthe mawonekedwe ake komanso kuwonongeka kwa makina.

(5) Kuwotcherera, kudula, kupukuta, kupangira makina, kuboola ndi kukonza zina zamakina pa chikepe n'koletsedwa kwambiri.

(6) Ngati kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zopanikizika kupitirira 1.5mm, konzani kapena siyani kugwiritsa ntchito.

(7) Kukula kwa chikepicho kuyenera kufanana ndi kukula kwa chida chobowolera, phewa lonyamula katundu liyenera kukhala lathyathyathya lopanda kusinthika kwambiri kapena kuwonongeka, pini yolumikizira ndi pini yotetezera ziyenera kupakidwa mafuta, ndipo chitseko chiyenera kutsekedwa mosavuta, mosamala komanso modalirika.

(8) Mukagunda kapena kuyendetsa chikwama, pini yotetezera ndi chidebe chaching'ono cha elevator ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mukayika elevator patebulo lozungulira, pewani kugunda mwamphamvu mwadzidzidzi. Kugunda kulumikizana n'koletsedwa mwamphamvu.

(9) Kunyamula katundu wambiri n'koletsedwa. Musamange sling mkati mwa elevator kuti munyamule zinthu zolemera.

(10) Mukayika elevator patebulo lozungulira, pewani pini yotsekera ya master bushing ndipo muyiike molunjika kuti malekezero onse awiri azilowetsedwa mofanana.

Ma Slips

Ma slip ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwira ndi kuimitsachingwe chobowoleram'chitsime pobowola. Ma slip amakhala ndi matupi otsetsereka, ma slip dies, zogwirira ndi zinthu zolumikizira. Makulidwe osiyanasiyana a zingwe zobowola amafuna ma slip a makulidwe osiyanasiyana.

1. Kugawa ma slip

- Malinga ndi ntchito: ma drill payipi slips, ma drill collar slips ndi ma casing slips.

- Malinga ndi kapangidwe kake: ma slips a zidutswa zitatu ndi zinayi, ma slips amitundu yayitali ndi yayifupi, ndi zina zotero.

- Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yogwirira ntchito: ma power slips ndi ma hand slips.

2. Mapepala atatu

Ma slip a zidutswa zitatu amakhala ndi matupi atatu otsetsereka. Ma slip atatuwa amalumikizidwa pamodzi ndi ma hinge pini koma satseka kwathunthu, zomwe zimathandiza kuti chingwe chobowolera chidutse momasuka. Thupi lililonse lotsetsereka lili ndi mipata yozungulira ndipo limayikidwa ma liner plates ndi slip dies. Posintha ma liner plates ndi slip dies, ma slip angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa ma drill strips osiyanasiyana mkati mwa malire ochepa.

Mafotokozedwe a kutalika

Ma drill pipe slips (Varco) amapezeka m'njira zitatu: SDS, SDML ndi SDXL.

- Mtundu wa SDS: ma slips afupiafupi, kukula kwake: 2-3/8″ mpaka 4-1/2″

- Mtundu wa SDML: ma slips apakati, kukula kwake: 2-3/8″ mpaka 5-1/2″

- Mtundu wa SDXL: ma slips apakati, kukula kwake: 3-1/2″ mpaka 5-1/2″

Pamene ma slip akugwira chingwe chobowolera ndikukhala mu bushing yozungulira, ma slip die amalumikizana kwambiri ndi chingwe chobowolera, ndipo chingwe chobowolera chimagwidwa. Mukakweza ma slip, chifukwa mano a ma slip die amapendekera pang'ono mmwamba, pamwamba pa slip die amachoka mosavuta ku chingwe chobowolera. Kukweza ma slip kumalola chingwe chobowolera kukwezedwa kapena kutsika. Ma slip amtunduwu akuphatikizapo ma slip a 2-1/2″, 4-1/2″, 5″ ndi 7″.

Pamene ma slip akufunika kunyamula katundu wolemera, ma slip atatu okhala ndi ngodya yayikulu angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Kapangidwe kake ndi ngodya yayikulu yozungulira chingwe chobowolera ndi matupi aatali otsetsereka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zigwire bwino komanso kuti zikhale zazitali kuti zipirire katundu wolemera, zoyenera zitsime zakuya. Chifukwa ma slip dies amalowetsedwa payekhapayekha m'thupi lotsetsereka, satsetsereka akagwira chingwe chobowolera. Vuto la ma slip amtunduwu ndilakuti chifukwa cha ma slip dies akuluakulu, amatha kugwa m'chitsime ngati atasweka panthawi yogwira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, popanga ma slip otere, zipangizo zabwino komanso ukadaulo wapamwamba wopanga ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ziwongolere kukana kusweka.

3. Mapepala okhala ndi zidutswa zambiri (mapepala ojambulira)

Mtundu uwu wa ma slip a zidutswa zambiri nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa katundu waukulu. Thupi lililonse lotsetsereka limalumikizidwa pamodzi pogwiritsa ntchito ma connecting pins koma silimatseka kwathunthu. Thupi lililonse lotsetsereka lili ndi ma grooves ozungulira a dovetail, ndipo groove iliyonse imakhala ndi slip die ya chidutswa chimodzi. Pali zidutswa khumi ndi chimodzi zonse.

4. Kolala yobowolerazotsetsereka

Ma drill collar slips (Varco) amapezeka m'mitundu itatu: DCS-S, DCS-R, DCS-L.

- Kukula kwa DCS-S: 3″ mpaka 4″, 4″ mpaka 4-7/8″

- Kukula kwa DCS-R: 4-1/2″ mpaka 6″, 5-1/2″ mpaka 7″

- Kukula kwa DCS-L: 6-3/4″ mpaka 14″

5. Mapepala oteteza

Ma slip oteteza amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi ma slip wamba poyendetsa makola obowola, migolo yapakati ndi mapaipi akuluakulu kuti chingwe chobowola chisagwere m'chitsime. Amapangidwa ndi magawo angapo otsetsereka olumikizidwa ndi ma pini kudzera m'mabowo a pini, ndipo malekezero amalumikizidwa kudzera mu pini ya unyolo ku screw yolumikizidwa ndi ulusi, ndikupanga slip yosinthika. Kusintha chiwerengero cha magawo otsetsereka kumalola slip yoteteza kuti igwirizane ndi kukula kosiyanasiyana kwa makola obowola ndi mapaipi.

- Pa makola obowola opanda phewa, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zotchingira chitetezo.

- Ma slips oteteza amakhala ndi matupi otsetsereka, ma slips dies, ma spring, screw yosinthira, nati, chogwirira ndi ndodo zolumikizira.

- Mukagwiritsa ntchito zotchingira chitetezo, mukamangirira nati, gwirani pang'ono pini iliyonse ndi nyundo kuti chotchingira chilichonse chigwirizane ndi kolala yobowolera, potero chimapereka chitetezo chachitetezo.

- Chotchingira chitetezo chiyenera kukhala mtunda wa 5 cm kuchokera pa chotchingira chachizolowezi.

6. Kuyang'ana musanagwiritse ntchito

1) Bwezerani ma slip dies akagwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka 1/4 ya kutalika kwawo koyambirira.

2) Ngati die yatsopano yotsetsereka igwedezeka mu malo osungira die, thupi lotsetserekalo liyenera kutayidwa.

3) Malo onse olumikizirana ayenera kusuntha momasuka ndipo akhale ndi ziwalo zonse; m'malo mwake ngati atagwiritsidwa ntchito.

4) Pamene zotchingira zatsegulidwa, malo otseguka sayenera kuchepera kukula kwa chida chobowolera.

5) Mukayika ma slip dies atsopano, osachepera 80% ya mano ayenera kukhudza thupi la chida chobowolera.

7. Malangizo Opewera

(1) Sankhani kukula koyenera kotsetsereka kutengera chida chobowolera pansi.

(2) Onetsetsani kuti ma slip dies ndi okhwima bwanji. Sayenera kukhala omasuka, okhazikika kumbuyo, kapena odetsedwa. Zomangira ndi ma cotter pin ziyenera kukhala zodzaza bwino komanso zolimba. Ma pin olumikizira ayenera kuzungulira momasuka.

(3) Pambuyo pa kuya kwa mamita 1000, ma elevator awiri ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwetsa. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma slips okhala ndi elevator pogwetsa n'koletsedwa (ntchito za pamtunda).

(4) Mukayendetsa kapena kukoka makola obowolera, ma slip ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi ma slip oteteza. Ma slip ayenera kukhala 50 cm kuchokera kumapeto kwa bokosi, ndipo slip yoteteza iyenera kukhala 5 cm kutali ndi ma slip.

(5) Ogwira ntchito ku Wellhead ayenera kuyima kunja kwa malo otsetsereka kuti apewe kuvulala kwa miyendo ngati kutsetserekako kutembenuka.

8. Kukonza

(1) Musagwiritse ntchito ma drill pipe slips ngati ma drill collar slips.

(2) Musanagwiritse ntchito, onetsetsani kuti ziwalo zonse zozungulira zikuyenda momasuka popanda kumamatira.

(3) Musanagwiritse ntchito, yang'anani pamwamba pa slip body taper ndi slip dies kuti muwone ngati pulasitiki yasintha kapena yawonongeka kwambiri. Ngati zilipo, zisintheni mwachangu. Ngati zinyalala zadzaza mano a slip dies, yeretsani.

(4) Musagwiritse ntchito mopitirira muyeso mukamagwiritsa ntchito. Musagwiritse ntchito mitundu yosagwirizana.

(5) Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, pewani kukoka chingwe cha chitoliro mofulumira kwambiri, zomwe zingayambitse kusweka kwa zinyalala kapena kusiya mikwingwirima yayikulu pamwamba pa chitoliro. Musamachulukitse ma elevator kapena kutaya zinthu zotsetsereka mukagwa mofulumira zomwe zingakhudze.

(6) Mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito, yeretsani ma slip. Sungani malo otsetsereka opapatiza oyera ndipo nthawi zambiri mupaka mafuta ndi mafuta. Pakani mafuta oletsa dzimbiri pamalo omwe ali otseguka ndipo sungani m'nyumba pamalo ouma ndi mpweya wabwino.

(7) Ma slip dies ayenera kuyikidwa m'magulu onse monga momwe zafotokozedwera; musachepetse chiwerengerocho.

(8) Sinthani ziwalo zosweka mwachangu.

(9) Pa nthawi yogwira ntchito m'munda, sungani zinthu zonse zoyera.

Zibango zamanja

1. Cholinga

Mapaipi amakhala ndi chitoliro chakunja ndi chitoliro chamkati chomwe chimagwira ntchito limodzi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga ndi kuswa maulumikizidwe a zida zobowolera ndi kuwotcha panthawi yoyendetsa ndi kuyika chivundikiro.

2. Mitundu

- Malinga ndi kukula kwake: mbani za mtundu wa B ndi mbani zomangira.

- Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yogwirira ntchito: zopalira zamanja ndi zopalira zamphamvu za hydraulic.

Pakadali pano, mbano zamtundu wa B ndi mbano zamagetsi zamagetsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'nyumba. Mbano zamtundu wa B zili ndi kukula kwa φ88.9～φ298.4mm. Mwa kusintha mutu wa tong, makulidwe osiyanasiyana a chitoliro amatha kupangidwa kapena kusweka.

3. Kugawa Tong

Matong ndi chida chachikulu cholumikizira chingwe chobowolera. Matong amanja omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamutu pathu wa chitsime ndi monga matong a DB, matong a SDD, matong a mtundu wa B, ndi matong a mtundu wa C.

- DB tongs: Kukula kwakukulu kwa ntchito kuyambira 3-1/2″ mpaka 8-1/4″. Ikhoza kukulitsidwa mpaka 17″ ndi mutu wowonjezera wa tong.

Kutalika kwa ma torque: 3-1/2″ mpaka 8-1/4″: 65,000 ft-lb, 8″ mpaka 17″: 40,000 ft-lb

- Zipangizo za SDD: Kukula kwakukulu kwa ntchito kuyambira 4″ mpaka 8-1/2″. Zitha kukulitsidwa mpaka 17″.

- Zibango zamtundu wa B: Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga ndi kuswa chivundikiro. Kukula kwake kumayambira 3-1/2″ mpaka 13-3/8″. Mutu wa chibango wotambasulidwa suyenera kupitirira 25-1/2″.

- Chingwe cha mtundu wa C: Ichi ndi chingwe chonyamulika. Kukula kwake kuyambira 2-3/8″ mpaka 10-3/4″. Mphamvu yayikulu: 35,000 ft-lb

4. Kusamalira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito

1) Sungani chigwirizano cha hanger chosinthasintha kuti chikhale chosavuta kulinganiza.

2) Chingwecho chiyenera kukhala chosinthasintha, chotetezeka, chodalirika komanso cholimba mokwanira.

3) Pambuyo pomanga, zolumikizira zonse za mutu wa tong ziyenera kukhala zofewa komanso zotetezera ziyenera kumalizidwa.

4) Bwezerani nsagwada zouma zikagwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka 1/4 ya kutalika kwake koyambirira.

5) Pakani mafuta nthawi ndi nthawi ndi mafuta mbali zoyenda.

6) Chingwe choyimitsira chingwe chiyenera kukhala chokwera kwambiri momwe zingathere.

5. Malangizo Opewera

(1) Sankhani mutu woyenera wa tong #5 kuti muwonetsetse kuti kukula kwa chogwirira kukugwirizana ndi kukula kwa chida chobowolera.

(2) Chingwecho chiyenera kuyikidwa pa cholumikizira cha chida. Chingwe chapamwamba ndi chapansi chiyenera kukhala 30 ~ 50mm kuchokera paphewa lotseka la cholumikiziracho motsatana. Ngodya pakati pa zingwe zamkati ndi zakunja iyenera kukhala pakati pa 45 ° ~ 90 °. Popanga, chingwe chakunja chili pamwamba ndipo chingwe chamkati chili pansi; potuluka, chingwe chakunja chili pansi ndipo chingwe chamkati chili pamwamba.

(3) Mukasintha nsagwada, musaike m'mbali mwa chitsime, ndipo mupewe kupsinjika zala kapena kuvulala ndi zidutswa za nsagwada zomwe zikuuluka.

(4) Mukagwira chingwe cha chingwe, musaike zala pakati pa nsagwada yayitali #3 ndi nsagwada yayifupi #4 kuti musaphwanye.

Spinner

Chopinira ndi chipangizo chopangira ndikuswa maulumikizidwe a mapaipi obowolera okha. Chimagawidwa makamaka m'magulu awiri: chopinira cha pneumatic ndi chopinira cha hydraulic.

1. Chozungulira cha pneumatic

Magawo akuluakulu a SSW-40 pneumatic spinner:

- Kukula: 3-1/2″ mpaka 9-1/2″ (89-241 mm)

- Liwiro lozungulira (chitoliro chobowola cha 5″): 120 RPM

- Torque (chitoliro cha 5″): 1100 ft-lbs (1490 Nm)

- Kuthamanga kwa mpweya: 90-120 psi (6.2-8.6 Bar)

Chenjezo pakugwiritsa ntchito pneumatic spinner

1) Silinda, mpweyavalavundipo mizere ya mpweya iyenera kukhala yotetezeka, yodalirika, yogwira ntchito mosavuta komanso yopanda mpweya wotuluka.

2) Sinthani magiya opatsira ngati mano asweka.

3) Kuwonongeka kwa ma dayamita a ma rollers ndi ma drive kuyenera kusapitirira 3.175 mm.

4) Chingwe cholumikizira chikhale chosinthasintha kuti chikhale chosavuta kusintha.

5) Pakani mafuta nthawi ndi nthawi ndi mafuta mbali zopaka mafuta.

6) Sungani mafuta enaake mu bokosi la gearbox.

7) Ngati pachitika kutsetsereka, phokoso losazolowereka, mphamvu yochepa kapena kutuluka kwa mpweya, yang'anani kapena konzani mwachangu.

2. Mphamvu yamagetsi ya hydraulic

Chitoliro chamagetsi cha Q10Y-M chimapangidwa makamaka ndi bokosi loyendera, zida zochepetsera, mutu wa tong, makina owongolera mpweya ndi makina owongolera madzi.

Malangizo Ogwiritsira Ntchito

(1) Kukula kwa nsagwada ya mutu wa tong kuyenera kufanana ndi kukula kwa cholumikizira cha chida chobowolera.

(2) Mukasuntha chogwirira chamagetsi kupita ku chitsime, musatsegule mokwanira valavu ya mpweya nthawi imodzi kuti chogwiriracho chisasunthe mwachangu kwambiri ndikuyambitsa kugundana.

(3) Musakweze chingwe choboolera mpaka pini itatuluka m'bokosi ndipo chingwecho chatulutsa chida choboolera.

(4) Ngati chopachikira magetsi sichikugwiritsidwa ntchito, bwezerani ma valve onse a hydraulic ndi pneumatic pamalo osalowerera/osatseka, tsekani pampu ya hydraulic, ndikutseka valavu yoperekera mpweya ku chopachikiracho.

(5) Dziwani malo ogwirira ntchito a chogwirira chapamwamba/chapansi potengera kapangidwe kake kapena kusweka kwake. Mukasintha malo, onetsetsani kuti ma notches onse a mutu wa chogwirira alumikizidwa bwino musanagwiritse ntchito; apo ayi, makinawo angalephere kugwira ntchito.

Lumikizanani: Jessie Zhou

Foni yam'manja/Whatsapp:+0086-18109206861

Email: energy@landrilltools.com