Ukadaulo Woboola ndi Kupanga | Kodi Kuthamanga kwa Boola - Kukulitsa Zida Ndi Chiyani? Kodi Mungatani Kuti Muwongolere Bwino Kugwiritsa Ntchito Boola ndi Kuchepetsa Ndalama?

1Kulimba Kwambiri - Kusamva Kutentha Kofanana - Kukhuthala kwa Khoma Kubowola Kolimba Liwiro - Kukulitsa Ukadaulo

Skurufu yolimba ngati khoma ndi chida chowonjezera liwiro chomwe chapangidwa mwapadera kuti chikwaniritse zosowa za magwiridwe antchito apamwamba komanso kudalirika kwambiri mumakampani obowola. Pogwiritsa ntchito zomangira zobowola zachikhalidwe, chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri komanso zovuta zogwirira ntchito, kuwonongeka kwakukulu ndi kutopa nthawi zambiri kumachitika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito yobowola ichepe. Komabe, skurufu yolimba ngati khoma ndi yolimba imakhala ndi kukana kutentha kwambiri, komwe kumatha kusunga mphamvu zokhazikika zamakina pamalo otentha kwambiri, kuchepetsa kulephera kwa zida chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri, motero kumawonjezera liwiro la kubowola.

1.1 Mfundo Zaukadaulo

Mota ya downhole imayendetsa mwachindunji drill bit kuti iswe miyala ndi kubowola, zomwe zimatha kutumiza mphamvu bwino ku drill bit, kuchepetsa kutayika kwa mphamvu, ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito a zida za downhole. Izi zili choncho chifukwa mota imayendetsa mwachindunji drill bit, zomwe zimatha kupewa kutayika kwa mphamvu komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutayika kwa makina otumizira, kotero kuti mphamvu zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola miyala - kuswa, kukonza liwiro la kubowola ndi magwiridwe antchito. Kuti ziwongolere kukana kutentha kwambiri kwa zida, screw yolimba yofanana ndi khoma yolimba imagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zapadera zosagwirizana ndi kutentha kwambiri komanso ukadaulo wochizira pamwamba. Mwachitsanzo, chitsulo cha alloy chapamwamba chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chachikulu, kapena pamwamba pa zidazo pamafunika kutentha kapena kuphimba kuti ziwongolere kukana kutentha kwambiri kwa zidazo. Popeza stator imagwiritsa ntchito chipolopolo chachitsulo chopangidwa kale chokhala ndi mawonekedwe opingasa, kenako imabayidwa ndi guluu kuti ipange rabara woonda komanso wofanana - makulidwe, motayo imakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu yotulutsa mphamvu ndipo imatha kusintha malinga ndi mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana yovuta ya geological. Kapangidwe kameneka kamapangitsa kuti kusiyana pakati pa stator ndi rotor ya mota kukhale kochepa, potero kuchepetsa kukangana ndi kuwonongeka, ndikukweza moyo wautumiki ndi kudalirika kwa zidazo. Chidachi chimagwiritsanso ntchito njira yotsekera kapena kusokoneza makina kuti chiwongolere kulondola kwa kuzungulira ndi kukhazikika kwa zida, ndikupewa kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito obowola chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwa zomangira kapena kusasinthasintha.

1.2 Kusanthula Kusinthasintha

Ponena za magwiridwe antchito, screw yolimba kwambiri yomwe imapirira kutentha kwambiri ndi makulidwe ofanana ndi khomachida chobowoleraSikuti ili ndi makhalidwe onse a ma screw motors wamba okha, komanso ili ndi makhalidwe a torque yayikulu, kuyambika kosavuta, komanso kukana kupitirira muyeso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kwambiri pobowola m'malo otentha kwambiri. Pogwiritsa ntchito screw yolunjika yokhala ndi chida chaching'ono chobowola pendulum m'malo otentha kwambiri, kuthamanga kwambiri kobowola kumatha kuchitika ndi kupanikizika kochepa kobowola, ndipo zotsatira zazikulu zochepetsera ndikuletsa kupotoka zitha kuchitika. Nthawi yomweyo, kapangidwe ka screw yolunjika kangaperekenso mphamvu yothandizira yokhazikika kuti chobowola chisapatuke m'malo otentha kwambiri, motero kukulitsa kukhazikika kwa kubowola. Kafukufuku wamalingaliro komanso ntchito zomwe zili pamalopo zikuwonetsa kuti ukadaulo wobowola mwachangu pogwiritsa ntchito zomangira zolimba zosagwirizana ndi kutentha kwambiri zimatha kuwonjezera kwambiri liwiro lozungulira la chobowola pansi pa chitsime, kusinthana ndi malo otentha kwambiri, ndikukonza bwino kuwongolera kwabwino kwa chitsime. Nthawi yomweyo, imathanso kuchepetsa katundu wa drive ndi torque ya chida chobowola, ndikuwonjezera moyo wautumiki wa chida chobowola. Poyerekeza ndi chipangizo chobowola cha PDC chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, njira iyi imatha kusintha kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a kubowola ndikuwonetsa zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zachuma komanso zaukadaulo.

2Kuthamanga kwa Turbine + Diamond Bit Yopachikidwa - Kuwonjezeka kwa Ukadaulo

Turbodrill ndi chida champhamvu chomwe chimasintha mphamvu ya hydraulic ya madzi kukhala mphamvu yozungulira yamakina, motero chimayendetsa drill bit kuti izungulire ndikugunda, ndikuzindikira kuboola mwachangu komanso kogwira mtima. Chimapangidwa makamaka ndi magawo atatu: gawo la turbine, shaft yapadziko lonse, ndi shaft yotumizira. Diamond bit yolowetsedwa ndi mtundu wa diamond bit. Matrix yake imapangidwa ndi tinthu ta diamond polycrystalline tomwe timapanga kunja kwa matrix, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti bit ikhale yamphamvu kwambiri. Matrix ili ndi kutalika kwina, dayamita yake yakunja ndi yayikulu pang'ono kuposa dayamita yakunja ya bit body, ndipo dayamita yake yamkati ndi yaying'ono pang'ono kuposa dayamita yamkati ya bit body. Mbali yakunja, mbali yamkati, ndi pansi pa matrix zonse zili ndi mipata yamadzi kuti zitulutse miyala ndikuziziritsa dayamita kudzera mumadzimadzi otuluka. Matrix ili ndi mphamvu yokwanira yokakamiza komanso yogunda, komanso kuuma kwambiri komanso kukana kuwonongeka. Turbodrill ndi diamond bit yolowetsedwa ndi zida zofunika kwambiri pakuboola mafuta, ndipo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo pamodzi kumatha kukonza bwino kuboola komanso ubwino wa kuboola.

2.1 Mfundo Zaukadaulo

Gawo la turbine ndiye gawo lalikulu la turbodrill, lomwe limapangidwa ndi ma turbine stator ndi ma rotor, ma bearing centralizing, ma main shafts, ndi ma casings. Likhoza kusintha mphamvu yamadzimadzi ya madzi obowola kukhala mphamvu yamakina ya main shaft rotation. Kapangidwe kake kamkati kamakhala ndi magawo angapo a ma paired stator ndi ma rotor. Madzi obowola akalowa mu stator motsatira chida chobowola, stator idzatsogolera madzi obowola kuti akhale ndi njira ndi liwiro linalake, kenako n’kulowa mu rotor. Mu rotor, madzi obowola adzakhudza masamba kuti apange kusiyana kwa kuthamanga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti rotor izungulire. Kudzera mu njira imeneyi, mphamvu ya madzi obowola imasandulika mphamvu yamakina yomwe imayendetsa turbine shaft kuti izungulire.

Njira yaikulu yothyola miyala pogwiritsa ntchito chidutswa cha diamondi choviikidwa m'madzi ndi kuthyola miyala, kutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito tinthu ta diamondi kuti tiphwanye, kukanda, ndi kupukuta miyala mosalekeza pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya axial ndi torque, kuti tikwaniritse cholinga chothyola miyala. Chidutswa cha diamondi chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri njira iyi yothyola miyala chimakhala ndi kukana kwakukulu kowonongeka, komwe kumatha kuthana bwino ndi miyala yovuta kwambiri m'mapangidwe olimba kwambiri, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yobowola ndi moyo wa ntchito ya chidutswa chobowola.

2.2 Kusanthula Kusinthasintha

Chidutswa cha turbodrill + diamondi chodzazidwa ndi madzi chimagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe kachitsulo chonse, komwe kali ndi kukana kutentha kwambiri komanso mphamvu yobowola yokhazikika, zomwe zimathandiza kuti chizigwira ntchito bwino ngakhale m'malo ovuta kwambiri. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakubowola zitsime zakuya ndi zitsime zakuya kwambiri. Kuphatikiza kwa chida ichi kuli ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri a axial balance, zomwe zimatha kuchepetsa kugwedezeka kwa mbali, kupanga njira yosalala ya wellbore, kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa khoma la chitsime, potero kuteteza drill bit ndi zida zina zotsikira pansi, ndipo ndizothandiza pa ntchito zina. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ozungulira a turbodrill, kuphatikiza kwa diamondi bit yodzazidwa ndi turbine yachangu kumatha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri kubowola m'mapangidwe akuya okhala ndi kuuma kwakukulu komanso kukhwima kwamphamvu, ndikuwonjezera kwambiri mphamvu yobowola.

3Liwiro la Kuboola kwa Torque Impactor - Ukadaulo Wowonjezereka

Choyambitsa mphamvu ya torque ndi chida champhamvu chamakina chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pophwanya miyala ya PDC bits. Chidachi chimapanga kutsika kwa mphamvu kudzera mu nozzle yosinthasintha, ndikupanga dera lopanikizika kwambiri ndi dera lopanikizika pang'ono mkati mwake. Kusiyana kwa mphamvu kukagwira ntchito pa chida, njira yoyendetsera madzi imasintha kuti nyundo yolumikizira ndi nyundo yoyambira mkati mwa chida zibwerere m'mbuyo mwachangu kwambiri. Choyambitsa mphamvu ya torque chimakhudza nthawi zonse pamwamba pa mphamvu ya torque, motero chimatumiza mphamvu ya torque ku drill bit, ndikupanga torque ya pulse ya frequency yamphamvu. Mwanzeru imasandutsa mphamvu yamadzimadzi ya madzi obowola kukhala mphamvu ya torsional, high - frequency, yunifolomu, komanso yokhazikika ya makina obowola ndipo imatumiza mwachindunji ku PDC bit, kusunga drill bit ndi pansi pa chitsime mosalekeza nthawi zonse.

3.1 Mfundo Zaukadaulo

Mphamvu yokhazikika yamphamvu yokhazikika ya nthawi 750/mphindi mpaka nthawi 1500/mphindi yoperekedwa ndi torque impactor ndi yofanana ndi kudula kapangidwe kake kangapo pamphindi. Izi zimathandiza kuti drill bit idule kapangidwe kake popanda kudikira kuti torsion ipeze mphamvu zokwanira, zomwe zimasintha momwe drill bit imagwirira ntchito. Panthawiyi, drill bit ili ndi mphamvu ziwiri zodulira kapangidwe kake: imodzi ndi torque yoperekedwa ndi tebulo lozungulira, ndipo inayo ndi mphamvu yokhudzidwa yoperekedwa ndi torque impactor. Mphamvu ziwirizi zimatumizidwa mwachindunji ku drill bit yokha, kotero kuti torque yotumizidwa ndi drill payipi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mokwanira kudula kapangidwe kake popanda kutaya. Kugwira ntchito pamodzi kwa torque iyi ndi mphamvu yokhudzidwa sikungongowonjezera liwiro la kubowola, komanso kuchepetsa kapena kuthetsa kugwedezeka koopsa kwa drill bit panthawi yobowola m'mapangidwe olimba, kuteteza drill bit, kukulitsa moyo wa ntchito ya drill bit, komanso nthawi yomweyo kuchepetsa mphamvu yotopa ya zida zina zobowola ndikuwonjezera moyo wa ntchito ya zida zina zobowola. Chithunzi 1 chikuwonetsa momwe chingwe chobowola chotsikira pansi cha chida chobowola chachizolowezi ndi torque impactor chimakhudzira.

3.2 Kusanthula Kusinthasintha

Monga chida chobowola chapamwamba, chogwirira ntchito cha torque chimakhala ndi kapangidwe ka makina koyenera mkati, chopanda zida za rabara ndi zida zamagetsi, komanso zigawo zochepa. Ngakhale zitalephera, zimangofanana ndi chogwirira ntchito cha drill bit chomwe chimazungulira mosalekeza pamodzi ndi PDC bit popanda kukhudza kubowola kosalekeza, ndipo palibe chifukwa chogunda chogwirira ntchito, kotero chimakhala chodalirika kwambiri. Chogwirira ntchito cha torque ndi choyenera mapangidwe osiyanasiyana ovuta, makamaka mapangidwe a miyala ya igneous omwe ali ndi mphamvu yamphamvu komanso kugoba kosauka. Nthawi yomweyo, chidachi n'chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Pogwiritsa ntchito chogwirira ntchito cha torque, chimangofunika kulumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi chida chobowola chozungulira kapena cholunjika, chomwe ndi chosavuta komanso chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.

4Choyambitsa Chophatikizana

Chogwirira ntchito chopangira mphamvu ndi chipangizo chapamwamba chobowola chomwe chili ndi chipangizo chosinthira mphamvu chomwe chimapangidwa mkati, chomwe chingasinthe mphamvu yamadzimadzi ya madzi obowola kukhala mphamvu ya pulse impact, motero kupanga mphamvu zokhazikika zozungulira pafupipafupi komanso za axial impact. Njira yogwirira ntchito iyi imawongolera kwambiri luso la chogwirira ntchito chobowola, imathetsa mavuto a kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka kwa ndodo panthawi yobowola, motero imakwaniritsa cholinga chokweza liwiro. Chogwirira ntchito chopangira mphamvu sichimangokhala ndi mawonekedwe a torsional impact ndi ubwino wa torque impactor, komanso chimaphatikiza ntchito ya axial impact mwaluso..

chogwira ntchito pamodzi

4.1 Mfundo Zaukadaulo

Kapangidwe ka mkati mwa chipangizo cholumikizira cha compound impactor kamapangidwa ndi makina achitsulo okha. Chimasintha mphamvu yamadzimadzi ya madzi obowola kukhala mphamvu yamphamvu yozungulira komanso yozungulira komanso yozungulira kudzera mu njira yobwezera mmbuyo. Panthawi yobowola ya chipangizo chobowola chachizolowezi, PDC bit ikalowa mu kapangidwe kake, mphamvu yosonkhanitsa ya chida chobowola chapamwamba iyenera kupitirira mtengo wofunikira kuti iyambe kuswa miyala. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, chipangizo cholumikizira cha compound imasintha mphamvu yamadzimadzi ya madzi obowola kukhala mphamvu yokhudza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitsulo chobowola chikhale ndi mphamvu yokhudza chitsulo chobowola. Mwanjira imeneyi, mphamvu yophwanya miyala imatha kufika msanga pa mphamvu yofunikira yokonza chitsulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti PDC bit igwire bwino ntchito. Nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kusinthasintha kwa mphamvu yophwanya miyala ndi torque, ndibwino kuti chitsulo chobowola chizidula mofanana pansi pa chitsime, kuchotsa mphamvu yofulumira kwambiri pa PDC bit pansi pa zida zobowola zachizolowezi. Chifukwa chake, mphamvu ya chitsulo chobowola imakhala yofanana komanso yokhazikika, motero imakulitsa moyo wa ntchito ya PDC bit ndikuwonjezera chithunzi cha chitsulo chobowola chimodzi.

4.2 Kusanthula Kusinthasintha

Poyerekeza ndi torque impactor, compound impactor imawonjezera mphamvu ya longitudinal impactor. Mwachiphunzitso, mphamvu yake yothyola miyala ndi yapamwamba, ndipo ndiyoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapangidwe olimba. Pansi pa kukula komweko, kuthamanga kwabwino kwa drill impactor kumakhala kokwera pang'ono kuposa kwa torque impactor. Kwa compound impactor, drill bit yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito iyenera kukhala ndi kukana kwamphamvu kwa impactor, ndipo pali mano ogwidwa ndi shock omwe amagawidwa pafupi ndi mano odulira a drill bit, omwe amateteza bwino drill bit. Mukaboola m'mapangidwe olimba komanso okhwima kwambiri, kusankha HPM series PDC bits kumatha kukwaniritsa bwino pakati pa liwiro la drill ndi footage.

5Mapeto ndi Ziyembekezo

Nkhaniyi ikuphunzira ndikuwonetsa liwiro lodziwika bwino la kuboola - zida zowonjezera. Kudzera mu kusanthula mfundo, makhalidwe, ndi njira zogwiritsira ntchito zida izi, zotsatira zake zikuwonetsa kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya liwiro la kuboola - zida zowonjezera ndizoyenera mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana ya nthaka ndi zofunikira pakuboola. Nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha mtengo wosiyanasiyana wogwiritsira ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana, kusankha liwiro la kuboola - zida zowonjezera ziyeneranso kuganiziridwa kuchokera pamalingaliro azachuma.

Pa kafukufuku wamtsogolo, akulangizidwa kuti achite zinthu zotsatirazi: kuphunziranso momwe ntchito yobowolera ikuyendera mofulumira - kuwonjezera zida, kukonza kapangidwe ka zida, ndikuwonjezera kusinthasintha ndi magwiridwe antchito awo; kuphatikiza ukadaulo monga luntha lochita kupanga ndi deta yayikulu kuti akwaniritse luntha ndi kuyang'anira liwiro lobowolera kutali - kuwonjezera zida, ndikuwonjezera chitetezo ndi magwiridwe antchito obowolera; kukulitsa kugwiritsa ntchito liwiro lobowolera - kuwonjezera zida m'magawo ena, monga zitsime zamadzi, zitsime za gasi, ndi zitsime za geothermal, kuti akwaniritse zosowa za chitukuko cha anthu ndi zachuma.

Lumikizanani: Jessie Zhou

Foni yam'manja/Whatsapp:+0086-18109206861
Imelo:landrill@landrilltools.com
Webusaiti:www.landrilltools.com