Bowola matope thumba vuto ndi mankhwala

Zifukwa za PDC bit balling

1. Zinthu zachilengedwe: stratum yobowoleredwa ndi matope ofewa omwe si a diagenetic kumtunda, omwe ndi osavuta kumamatira pamwamba pa kubowola ndikuyambitsa kupukuta pang'ono pambuyo pophatikizika; ngakhale matope shale mu stratum ndi diagenetic, n'zosavuta hydrate ndi kumwazikana, kupanga wellbore Zomwe zili matope kapena olimba gawo mu matope amakula kwambiri, amene adsorbed pamwamba pa kubowola pang'ono kuyambitsa matope mpira; kapena mapangidwe ali omwazika gypsum, amene amayambitsa kuipitsidwa matope, ndi zoipa olimba gawo mu matope n'zovuta kuchotsa, amene kwambiri kumawonjezera mwayi wa kubowola kukhala matumba matope; Mapangidwe ali permeability mkulu. Pansi pa zochita za kuthamanga kusiyana, izo zimatenga zoipa olimba gawo mu wellbore ndi cuttings kuti si ikuchitika mu nthawi, kupanga wandiweyani matope keke, amene amasonkhana pansi PDC pang'ono pamene tripping kunja kupanga pang'ono thumba.

3.Zopangira ukadaulo waukadaulo: kusamutsidwa pakubowola kumakhala kochepa, pansi pa chitsime ndi chobowola sichingatsukidwe bwino, ndipo kuthamanga kwa kubwerera m'mwamba sikukwanira, ndipo zodula zimakhala m'chitsime kwa nthawi yayitali, kumamatira. khoma la chitsime kupanga keke yamatope, makamaka pakati ndi kumtunda. Ndizovuta kwambiri pamene liwiro liri lalikulu; mu mapangidwe amatope ofewa, kuthamanga kwa kubowola kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri, mapangidwe kapena kubowola cuttings kumagwirizana mwachindunji ndi pobowola pamwamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti phokoso likhale lopweteka;

Zosankha za 4.Drill bit: mapangidwe a dzenje lamadzi sangathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kuchotsa chip; mbali yochotsa chip ya njira yotuluka imalepheretsa zodulidwazo kuti zisachoke pansi pa chitsime bwino.

5. Zomwe zimagwirira ntchito: liwiro lobowola ndilothamanga kwambiri, chobowolacho sichimadutsa pamtunda, koma mosalekeza kupukuta keke yamatope kapena kudula pakhoma la chitsime, zomwe zingayambitse mosavuta thumba; Sikolumikiza kelly kuti mubowole mozungulira, koma kukanikiza pansi kapena nkhonya pansi, ndi keke yamatope kapena zidutswa zodulidwa kuchokera pakhoma la chitsime zimanyamula pobowola; njira ya opaleshoni ndiyolakwika pobowola pansi. , Pambuyo poyambitsa mpope, zidzachititsanso kuti bowolo likhale thumba; pobowola mu mawonekedwe ofewa, kubowola kudzaperekedwa mosagwirizana.

Kugwira thumba lamatope la PDC bit 

1. Mfundo yoyamba yothana ndi zobowola ndi: musathamangire kubowola, chifukwa zodzaza kwambiri zimakhala bwino;

2. Mosasamala kanthu za kupewa kapena kuchiza matope, n'kosapeweka kusintha ntchito yamatope. Ngati pabowo pali chizindikiro chilichonse cha mipira yamatope, kubowolako kuyenera kuyimitsidwa nthawi yomweyo ndipo woyeretsa ayenera kubayidwa m'chitsime kuti ayeretse pobowola koyamba;

3. Siyani kubowola, onjezani kusuntha kuti muwonjezere mphamvu ya hydraulic flushing, kwezani chobowolacho kuti chichoke pansi pa chitsime, onjezerani liwiro lozungulira ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yapakati kuti matope azitha kutulutsa mosavuta, ndikusunthira mmwamba. ndi pansi kambirimbiri, ndiyeno akanikizire mpaka pansi pa chitsime popanda kutembenukira turntable Mkombero kwa mphindi 5-10, ndi kubwereza ndondomeko pamwamba; ngati ili yolakwika mkati mwa mikombero iwiri, muyenera kuganizira zokoka pobowola.

Yankho ndilo: Kuwongolera kuwonjezeredwa kwa dongo loyera lomwazikana bwino ndi phula la junipere potembenuza ndi kuchiza matope, yambani zida zowongolera nthawi yake kuti muchotse tinthu ting'onoting'ono tolimba m'matope pobowola, ndikusintha pang'ono PDC pakati pobowola. Kuzungulira kosuntha kumachotsa matope omwe amamatira pabowo pomwe akubowola munthawi yake. Mukafika pansi, choyamba zungulirani malo ambiri othawa kwawo kwa mphindi zingapo musanabowole. Kugwira maulalo ofunikirawa kumatha kulepheretsa pang'ono PDC kunyamula. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti akatswiri ayenera kumvetsetsa bwino kuti kuthamanga kwa mpope kwa standpipe kumapangidwa ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kutsika kwa mpweya. Malingana ngati kutsika kwamphamvu kwa nozzle ndi zero, ziribe kanthu kuti mabowo angati aikidwapo, kuthamanga koyimirira sikungakhudzidwe. Chifukwa chake, potsitsa diso, osati kukakamiza koyima sikungasinthidwe, komanso kubowola kwa PDC nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa thumba.

2. Fufuzani ndi kumvetsa malamulo oyendetsera bwino njira yoyendetsera bwino mu chipika chilichonse posachedwapa, konzani dongosolo la chida chobowola, ndi kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito PDC chifukwa cha kusintha kwa azimuth ndi kupatuka kwapakati. Ngati kuli kofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito pobowola pawiri m'chigawo chapansi cha chitsime chosabowoleza bwino, Kugwiritsa ntchito tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta PDC tokhala ndi kukana kwabwino kumatha kupititsa patsogolo kugwiritsa ntchito ma PDC ndikuwonjezera liwiro.