Kodi ntchito yayikulu ya choletsa kuphulika ndi chiyani?

Pakumanga pobowola mafuta ndi gasi, kuti mubowole motetezeka m'magawo amafuta ndi gasi komanso kupewa ngozi zobowola mopitilira muyeso, zida - chida chowongolera chitsime - chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa pamutu wa pobowola bwino. Kuthamanga kwa chitsimeko kukakhala kocheperako poyerekeza ndi kuthamanga kwa mapangidwe, mafuta, gasi, ndi madzi omwe ali pansi pa nthaka amalowa m'chitsime ndikupanga kusefukira kapena kukankha. Pazifukwa zazikulu, kuphulika kwa bomba ndi ngozi zamoto zitha kuchitika. Ntchito ya chipangizo chowongolera chitsime ndikutseka mwachangu komanso mwachangu pachitsime pamene kusefukira kapena kukankha kumachitika pachitsime kuti mupewe ngozi zophulika.

Kubowola bwino kulamulira zipangizo makamaka monga: blowout preventer, spool, remote control console, driller's console, kutsamwitsa ndi kupha zobwezeredwa, etc. Chipangizo chowongolera chitsime chimakwaniritsa zofunikira zaukadaulo wobowola, ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo zimatha kutseka ndikutsegula mwachangu. mutu. Itha kuwongoleredwa pa chobowola chobowola kapena pakompyuta yakutali kutali ndi chitsime. Chipangizocho chiyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu yokana kupanikizika ndipo chikhoza kuzindikira kuphulika kolamulirika, kupha bwino ndi kupunthwa kwa zida zobowolera. Mukayika chotchinga chozungulira chozungulira, kubowola kumatha kuchitika popanda kupha chitsime.

Ma BOP obowola amatha kugawidwa kukhala nkhosa imodzi, nkhosa yamphongo iwiri, (annular) ndi ma BOP ozungulira. Malingana ndi zofunikira za mapangidwe omwe akubowoledwa ndi teknoloji yobowola, zoletsa zingapo za blowout zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuphatikiza nthawi imodzi. Pali makulidwe 15 a ma BOP omwe alipo. Kusankhidwa kwa kukula kumatengera kukula kwa casing pakubowola, ndiye kuti kukula kwake kwa BOP kubowola ndikokulirapo pang'ono kuposa m'mimba mwake wakunja kwa cholumikizira cholumikizira chomwe chimayendetsedwanso. Kupanikizika kwa woletsa kuphulika kumachokera ku 3.5 mpaka 175 MPa, ndi mphamvu zonse za 9. Mfundo yosankhidwa imatsimikiziridwa ndi kupanikizika kwakukulu kwa mutu wa chitsime komwe kumapirira potseka chitsime.