Kodi zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa makina a petroleum ndi chiyani?

1. Ma polysulfides mu petroleum amachititsa kuti makina amafuta azitentha kwambiri.

Mafuta ambiri m'dziko lathu ali ndi ma polysulfides ambiri. Panthawi yochotsa mafuta, makina a petroleum ndi zida zimawonongeka mosavuta ndi ma polysulfides mumafuta akakumana ndi mafuta, kenako amapanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma polysulfides pamtunda wothamanga kwambiri pamakina amafuta. Ma polysulfides, panthawi yogwira ntchito kwambiri pamakina amafuta, ma polysulfides awa adzabweretsa zinthu zambiri zosakhazikika pamakina amafuta. Kuonjezera apo, pamene zipangizo zamakina zimawonekera kwa mpweya kwa nthawi yaitali, mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide ndi chinyezi mumlengalenga zimakhudzidwa ndi zida zowonongeka za makinawo, ndipo pamapeto pake zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa makina onse a petroleum ndi zipangizo.

2. Sulfidi mu petroleum imapangitsa kuti makina amafuta azitentha kwambiri.

Kudzimbirika kumeneku kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha zonyansa zamafuta amafuta. Chigawo chachikulu cha zonyansazi ndi sulfide. Sulfide imatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi chinyezi mu petroleum, zomwe zimapangitsa kupanga kuchuluka kwa hydrogen sulfide mu petroleum. Hydrogen sulfide imachepetsa komanso imakhala acidic, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makina ndi zida zamafuta aziwonongeka kwambiri. Kuonjezera apo, pali zonyansa zambiri za mankhwala mu mafuta a petroleum, zomwe zimayambitsanso dzimbiri ku makina a petroleum ndi zipangizo kwambiri.

3. Chloride mu petroleum imapangitsa kuti makina amafuta azitentha kwambiri.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku, mafuta ambiri tsopano ali ndi madzi ambiri amchere. Ngati madzi amchere adutsa mankhwala a hydrolysis, amasinthidwa kukhala hydrochloric acid. Kwa makina a petroleum, hydrochloric acid ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zimatsogolera pakuwonongeka kwa makina ndi zida zamafuta. Kwa makina ndi zida zamafuta amafuta, Zimayambitsa dzimbiri, potero zimachepetsa mtundu ndi chitetezo cha makina amafuta ndi zida.