Usodzi wa Zinyalala za Downhole ndi Chithandizo cha Ngozi Yobowola Yokakamira

1.Downhole zinyalala Usodzi

1.1Mtundu wa kugwa pansi

Malingana ndi dzina ndi chikhalidwe cha zinthu zomwe zikugwa, mitundu ya zinthu zomwe zikugwa mu mgodi ndi makamaka: zinthu zogwa chitoliro, ndodo zogwa, zingwe zogwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'ono.

1.2.PIpe zinthu zakugwa

Asanayambe kusodza, zofunikira za Zitsime za mafuta ndi madzi ziyenera kuzindikiridwa poyamba, ndiko kuti, zobowola ndi kupanga mafuta ziyenera kumveka bwino, kapangidwe ka chitsimecho, momwe chitsimecho chilili, komanso ngati pali chinthu choyamba kugwa. Kachiwiri, fufuzani chifukwa cha kugwa kwa zinthu, ngati pali mapindikidwe ndi mchenga pamwamba m'manda pambuyo kugwa mu chitsime. Werengani kuchuluka kwa katundu yemwe angapezeke powedza, limbitsani dzenje la derrick ndi munthu. Ziyeneranso kuganiziridwa kuti mutatha kugwira zinthu zomwe zagwa, ngati khadi lachinsinsi liyenera kukhala ndi njira zopewera ndi kuyanjanitsa.

Zida zophatikizira zodziwika bwino: Makolala akufa, matepi a Taper, Spear, Slip Overshot ndi zina zotero.

Kachitidwe ka Usodzi:

⑴Kuyendera pansi kwa Impression Blocks KUTI MUDZIWE malo ndi mawonekedwe a zinthu zomwe zikugwa.

⑵Malinga ndi momwe zinthu zikugwa komanso kukula kwa malo a Annular pakati pa zinthu zakugwa ndi posungira, sankhani zida zoyenera zophera nsomba kapena kupanga ndikupanga zida zosodza nokha.

⑶ Konzani kamangidwe ka zomangamanga ndi njira zotetezera, ndipo pambuyo povomerezedwa ndi madipatimenti oyenera malinga ndi njira zoperekera malipoti, chisamaliro cha usodzi chidzachitidwa molingana ndi kapangidwe kamangidwe, ndipo zojambulazo zidzajambula zida zogwetsera pansi.

⑷Kupha nsomba kuyenera kukhala kosalala.

⑸Unikani zinthu za Fished ndikulemba chidule.

1.3.Rod kugwa zinthu

Zambiri mwa mathithiwa ndi mitundu ya ndodo, komanso palinso zolemetsa ndi mita. Ena anagwera m’bokosi, ena anagwera m’chubu.

⑴Usodzi mu chubu

Ndikosavuta kuwedza ndodo yothyoka muchubu, monga ndodoyo imatha kugwetsedwa pansi ndodo ikakokedwa pabowo kapena ng'oma yotsetsereka yopha nsomba, ngati siyinawedzedwe, mutha kuchitanso ntchito yopangira machubu. .

⑵Kupha nsomba m'mabokosi

Kusodza kwa casing kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, chifukwa m'mimba mwake ya casing ndi yaikulu, ndodo ndi yowonda, chitsulo ndi chaching'ono, chosavuta kupindika, chosavuta kutulutsa, ndipo mawonekedwe a kugwa bwino ndi ovuta. Mukawedza, imatha kusodza ndi mbedza yonyamula mbedza ya nsapato kapena chida cha loose-blade Fishing. Chinthu chogwacho chikapindika m'bokosi, chikhoza kubwezedwa ndi mbedza. Zinyalalazo zikaunjikana m’dzenjemo ndipo sizingatulutsidwe, amazigaya ndi mphero ya m’manja kapena mphero ya nsapato, ndipo zinyalalazo zimachotsedwa ndi chogwirira maginito.

1.4.Usodzi wa tiziduswa tating'ono

Pali mitundu yambiri ya tiziduswa tating'onoting'ono togwa, monga mipira yachitsulo, pliers, cones, screws ndi zina zotero. Zinyalala zotere ndi zazing'ono koma zovuta kwambiri kuchira. Zida zazikulu zosodza tiziduswa tating'onoting'ono ndi chipangizo chophatikizira maginito, kulanda, reverse circulation basket basket ndi zina zotero.

2.Stuck Drilling Chithandizo cha Ngozi

Pali zifukwa zambiri zobowola zokakamira, kotero pali mitundu yambiri ya kubowola kokakamira. Mchenga wamba Womamatira, sera, phula, chinthu chakugwa chomamatira, kupindika kwa kabati, kulimba kwa simenti kumamatira ndi zina zotero.

2.1.Chithandizo Chokakamira Mchenga

Ngati nthawi yomamatira siitali kapena kupanikizana kwa mchenga sikuli koopsa, chingwe cha chitoliro chikhoza kukwezedwa mmwamba ndi pansi kuti mchengawo usungunuke ndikuchotsa ngozi ya kupanikizana pakubowola.

Zochizira kwambiri mchenga munakhala Wells, choyamba, katundu kuchuluka pang`onopang`ono pamene katundu kufika mtengo, ndi katundu yomweyo adatchithisira ndipo mwamsanga kutsitsa. Chachiwiri, pambuyo pa nthawi ya ntchito zokwera ndi zotsika, chingwe cha chitoliro chimalimbikitsidwa kuti chiyime, kotero kuti chingwe cha chitoliro chimayimitsidwa kwa kanthawi pansi pa chikhalidwe chotambasula, kotero kuti kukanganako kumafalikira pang'onopang'ono ku chingwe chapansi cha chitoliro. Mawonekedwe onsewa atha kugwira ntchito, koma ntchito iliyonse iyenera kuyimitsidwa kwa 5 mpaka 10min kwa nthawi yayitali kuti chingwe chisatope komanso kusweka.

Kukakamira kwa mchenga kumatha kuthandizidwanso ndi njira zosinthira kufalikira kwa ma compression, kutulutsa zitoliro, kutulutsa mwamphamvu, kutulutsa kwa jack, kutulutsa mphero kumbuyo, ndi zina zotero.

2.2.Kugwa chinthu chomamatira chithandizo

Kumata kwa chinthu kumatanthauza kuti mano, mano oterera, zida zina zazing'ono zimagwera m'chitsime ndikumamatira, zomwe zimapangitsa kubowola.

Kuthana ndi zinthu kugwa munakhala pobowola, musati mwamphamvu kukweza, pofuna kupewa munakhala, kuchititsa mavuto. Pali njira ziwiri zochizira: Ngati chingwe chomamatira chikhoza kutembenuzidwa, chikhoza kukwezedwa pang'onopang'ono ndikutembenuzidwa pang'onopang'ono. Zinthu zogwa zimaphwanyidwa kuti chingwe cha chitoliro cha pansi pa nthaka chisatseke; Ngati njira yomwe ili pamwambayi ilibe mphamvu, mbedza yapakhoma itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza pamwamba pa nsomba, ndiyeno Bweretsani dontholo.

2.3.Chotsani choyikapo chokhazikika

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa njira zopangira kapena zifukwa zina, chosungiracho chimakhala chopunduka kapena kuwonongeka, ndipo chida chotsitsa chimatsitsidwa molakwika pamalo owonongeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kubowola kokakamira. Panthawi yokonza, chitoliro cha chitoliro chomwe chili pamwamba pa malo otsekedwa chiyenera kuchotsedwa ndipo chokhazikikacho chikhoza kumasulidwa pambuyo pokonza casing.