Kupewa ndi kuchiza kubowola kugwa kukakamira

Chifukwa cha kusagwira bwino ntchito kwamadzi obowola, kusefa kwambiri kumanyowetsa mapangidwewo ndikumasuka. Kapena shale yoviikidwa m'chitsime chokhala ndi dip yayikulu kwambiri Ngongole imatambasula, ndikulowa m'chitsime ndikupangitsa kubowola kokakamira.

Zizindikiro za khoma la chitsime chakugwa:

1.Inagwa panthawi yoboola

2.Chitsimecho chinagwa pobowola

3.Chitsimecho chinagwa pobowola

4.Reaming ndi yosiyana

Kupewa kugwa kwa khoma:

1. Gwiritsani ntchito zoletsa kugwa pobowola madzimadzi kapena kubowola zomwe zimagwirizana ndi mapangidwe, moyenerera kuwongolera kachulukidwe ndi kukhuthala kwamadzi obowola, kuwongolera mosamalitsa kutayika kwa madzi, ndikuwongolera mphamvu yonyamula miyala.

2. Kubowola m'madera ogwedezeka, musanalowe mu mapangidwe a Shahejie, madzi obowola ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi zipangizo zokwanira zotsutsana ndi kugwa malinga ndi zofunikira za mapangidwe, ndipo zomwe zili pamwambazi ziyenera kufika pafupifupi 3%.

3. Kuchita kwa madzi obowola kuyenera kukhala kokhazikika ndipo sikungathe kuthandizidwa kwambiri.

4. Pobowola, kupopera mphamvu kumawonjezeka, kulemera koyimitsidwa kumachepa, chida chobowola chimakakamira, ndipo kubwerera kwachitsime kumachepetsedwa kapena tebulo limodzi lozungulira limatulutsidwa. Chitoliro chobowolacho chikatembenuzidwa mozama, chitoliro chobowolacho chiyenera kuyimitsidwa kapena kulumikizidwa, chida chobowolacho chiyenera kukwezedwa kugawo lachitsime chabwinobwino, ndipo njira yobowoleramo imatengedwa.

5. Kubowola pagawo lotayirira, madzi obowola mochulukira mocheperapo, kuyimitsa kuyang'ana kuzungulira, kutayikira kuposa 5 m³/h, kapena mkati ndi kunja kokha, kuyenera kukonzedwa mwachangu, jekeseni wa annular mosalekeza wamadzimadzi obowola, asatsegule. mpope m'kati. Pamene madzi akubowola ndi osakwanira, akhoza kudzazidwa ndi madzi kuyesa kutulutsa chida chobowola.

6. Pewani kuzungulira kwa malo osasunthika, nthawi zambiri sinthani malo ang'onoang'ono, ndipo yesetsani kupewa gawo la chitsime lomwe ndilosavuta kutuluka ndi kugwa.

7. Pobowola ayenera mosalekeza wodzazidwa ndi pobowola madzimadzi kukhalabe kuthamanga kwa madzi ndime. Kubowolako kukakamira, sikovuta kutulutsa. Chida chobowola chikatsitsidwa kugawo losalala lachitsime ndipo mpope imatsegulidwa nthawi zonse ndikusuntha pang'ono, kufalikira kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono.

8. Yambani kubowola pa liwiro lotsika osatulutsa pisitoni.

9. Sungani liwiro lobowola, palibe kukakamiza kolimba ngati mukukana, kwezani chida chobowola ku gawo losalala la chitsime, ndikugwiritsa ntchito nkhonya imodzi. Njira ya mizere iwiri mpaka itatu.

Chithandizo cha kugwa kwa khoma la shaft:

Pambuyo pa kugwa kwa kubowola, pakhoza kukhala zochitika ziwiri, imodzi ndi yakuti kuyendayenda kungakhale kochepa, ndipo inayo ndikuti kufalikira sikungakhazikitsidwe nkomwe.

1. Ngati mungathe kuzungulira ndi kusamuka pang'ono, musataye chiyembekezochi, koma muyenera kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe ka katundu ndi kutuluka kwa katundu. Pambuyo kufalitsidwa ndi okhazikika, pang`onopang`ono kuonjezera mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi kukameta ubweya wa madzimadzi pobowola kuwonjezera mphamvu yake mchenga kunyamula, ndiyeno pang`onopang`ono kuwonjezera otaya mlingo kuyesa kubweretsa unagwa thanthwe pamwamba. Izi zikachitika, ngakhale kubowola kokakamira kokakamira kumachitika, kumathandizidwanso.

2. Ngati dzenje lomata lapangika ndi kugwa kwa miyala ya laimu ndi dolomite, ndipo chitsime chophwanyikacho sichitali kwambiri, mutha kulingalira kupopa koletsa hydrochloric acid kuti mutulutse chotsekekacho.

3. Chotsatira ndi mphero reverse. M'mapangidwe ofewa, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mphero yayitali ya mbiya, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mphero yayitali ya mbiya ndi kondomu yamphongo kapena mkondo wausodzi, kuti mphero ndi kubweza zitha kutha nthawi imodzi kuti zifulumizitse kupita patsogolo. Mu mapangidwe molimba, m'pofunika kuchepetsa kutalika kwa casing chubu ndi kuchepetsa zolakwika pa mphero. Pamene mphero ku centralizer, m'pofunika kutsukidwa mtsuko kumasula wokhazikika, chifukwa mfundo zambiri zatsimikizira kuti pali mchenga wochuluka pansi pa centralizer, ndipo sikoyenera mphero stabilizer.